of milwaukee



-employed in such processes.

y invention is based fundamentally -ject of the Emperor an on WILLY. WOLFE, 0F MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR T0 RADIUM CHEMICAL COMPANY, OF MILWAUKEE,

WISCONSIN, A CORPORATION OF WISCONSIN.

DEVELOPER FOR DYED FABRICS.

1,311,15Q. No Drawing.

at Milwaukee,

upon the preliminary use of dyes which are of themselves incapable of giving fast color to fabrics or of giving a particular desirable gloss of finish, and particularly are incapable of giving a satisfactory black. I mention black particularly because of the standard created, for instance, by the so-called Sambesi black well known in the art as resulting in consequence of the oxidization of apreliminary treatment by. a so-called developer after the preliminary treatment had been prepared for such oxidation by an acid bath, the final color being due largely to the oxidization which has been referred to. fabric thus dyed has asatisfactory finish. This process is limited absolutely to the production of black, and possibly brown materials.

My invention looks toward all dy estufls, and particularly so-called direct dyes which, as employed heretofore, resulted in unstable colors without any particularly desirable gloss or finish to the fabric. It is important that, in the caseof these direct dyes, various colors may be obtained and therefore, when I am able to get a satisfactory black or brown with a direct dye, I am not only equaling the possibilities'of the Sambesi black and brown, but I go beyond Specification of Letters Patent.

Theresult is a fast blue black and the Patented Jul 22, new.

Application filed February 1, 1917. Serial No. 145,830.

the possibility of such a process described above in that the black which I secure is a deep green black, preferable to the Sambesi blue black, in that I am able to secure other colors of fast quality, in that I obtain a better luster than that resulting from the Sambesi process, and in that the fabric is less deleteriously affected than in the Sambesi process.

I am aware that certain dyes of the amido group have been developed after a fashion, ut my invention is not limited in its application to the amido group alone but is applicable to practically any dye and even in the case of the amido dyes gives a better color, a permanent color, and that with less total dyestuffs than heretofore employed. Therefore, as far as the amido group is concerned I provide an improved process and an imroved developer and my invention goes eyond that in that it is applicable beyond the amido group. In the prior art. where developing is done a large displacement of elements takes place with a consequent considerable loss, while according to my invention the developer completes the action Without entailing such losses, cutting down the required total dyestuffs necessary for a given consignment of fabric from five to fifty per cent.

Referringfirst to the matter of securing a black by my process, I shall speak particularly' of direct dyes and I shall point out first that it is Well known in the art that in dyeingfabrics with what those skilled in the art know as a direct black, a brownish black resulted, unstable and without any Iparticularly desirable gloss or finish, as

above pointed out. A finishing process, known to the art, is employed, this finishing process following the ordinary dyeing by immersion and consisting of a formaldehyde treatment which tends to set the color, but which does n0t do so absolutely or evensati'sother words, I first em 10y the ordinary dyeing by immersion an then after preparation, I treat the fabric according to the processes to Which I shall presently refer in detail. I treat, for instance, a direct dye unfinished fabric to get a deep green black, preferable to a blue black, to set the color permanently, and to finish with a high luster.

I have determined the reagents, which I use, by experiment. I have successfully used the processes described herein with the results set forth and in order fully to advise those skilled inthe art I shall state precisely Von Georgievi'cs, published by Scott, Greenthe reagents which I employed, the proportions which I actually. used, and the-other conditions under which I have done'the work, it' being understood that departure may be made without parting from the spirit A direct dyed fabric may be produced by treating the fabric in the usual way with a direct black dye, such for instance, as diamond black or diamine black, BO, such as described on' pages 89 and 111, respectively, of the Chemistry of Dg/estufi's by George wood & Co., London, (1903).

Since the immersion and dyeing by these; direct dyes is well known that process need not be set forth here. The fabric, dyed as just pointed out, is then treated in an acid bath in preparation for the succeeding steps. This" acid bath is as follows:

pound. sodium nitrite (crystal form). 1} pound sulfurous acid. or sulfuric acid. 100 gallons water.

This is an example of a so-alled diazotizing bath. The bath is conveniently used at room temperature and a bath according to the above formula is sufficient for a hundred pounds of fabric. It is s fficient to allow the fabric toremain in the nth about fifteen minutes.

(1) 80 gr. (2) 80 gr. (3) 80 gr. (4) 10 gr. (5)880 gr. (6) 5 lb. (7) 1 lb. (8) 3 lb. (9) 8 lb.

These materials are added together and are heated to complete fusion. To this 7 5% pounds sodium chlorid is slowly added and acetic acid 30%. chloroform.

zinc acetate.

aqua ammonia 26%. cold water. beta naphthol. f alpha naphthylamin. phenol (crystallized). caustic soda.

thoroughly mixed. Then 5 pounds nitric acid or hydrochloric acid is slowly and carefully added. The Whole is then cooled. off and then pulverized,'resulting in 100 pounds developing material. Four to eight ounces of this developing material is diluted in suflicient boiling Water to form a solution and this solution is added to sufficient cold water to overflow the hundred pounds of fabric heretofore mentioned. 7

' The acid prepared fabric is allowed to remain in this developing bath for about fifteen minutes during which the color changes to a deep green black, the color is permanently set and the high lllStBI fiHlSh is given. Thereupon the fabric is removed from the bath and is Washed out in warmpr hot water and soar to take out the superfluous developer and matter, this step also testing the fabric for permanency of color.

: in on colors other than, the direct black above set forth and with success and it will therefore be clear that my invention may be employed advantageously in the treatment of any direct dyed fabric. I have also tried my treatment on dyes other than direct dyes and on dyes other than of the amido group, with successful results. It will also be clear that those skilled in the art will conceive of departures from the precise specification of my processes and reagents, 'as above set forth, employing however the underlying elements and actions called for by the broader of the appended claims. It will also be clear that certain elements may be omitted without departing from the novel advantages gained by the other elements and the proportions may be changed.

any other loose foreign.

I have tried my treatment described here-.

I claim? I. A developer for dyed fabrics including the reaction products of the mixture of beta naphthol, caustic soda, acetic acid,

chloroform, zincacetate, aqua ammonia,

alpha naphthylamin, phenol,'sodium chlorid, a mineral acid and Water substantially.

as described.

2. The method of producing a developer for treating previously dyed fabric which consists in heating t fusion a mixture of substantially as described.

3. A developer for dyed fabrics comprising the reaction products of the mixture of the following:

80 gr. acetic acid gr. chloroform.

80' gr. zinc acetate.

10 gr. aqua ammonia 26%.

' 880 gr. cold Water.

5 lb. beta naphthol.

1 lb. alpha naphthylamin. 3 lb. phenol (crystallized). 8 lb. caustic soda. 30 7 5% lb. sodium chlorid.

5 lb.- a mineral acid.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe WILLY WOLFF. 

